Rising, Saturated Air Cools Less
5 m/s
497 m/s
502 m/s
502 m/s
497 m/s
Rising Expanding
Sinking Contracting
¥As a saturated parcel rises and expands, the release of latent heat mitigates the adiabatic cooling
¥Cooling for saturated air varies with mixing ratio.
¥We will use an average value of 6oC/km for moisture lapse rate
¥Note: sinking clear air always warms at dry lapse rate 
14oC
20oC
no heat transfer
Ahrens, Fig 5.2
latent heating
502 m/s