ENSO-Atmosphere Feedback
Ocean temperature pattern
SLP, winds, storms, etc.
Ocean currents, upwelling
By observing SSTŐs & surface winds in equatorial Pacific, we are able to forecast ENSO events with some skill. ENSO forecasts lead to skillful seasonal forecasts for the US several months in advance (e.g. 1997-1998 winter) after the El Nino began.