Indicator |
Low pH color |
Transition pH range |
High pH color |
Gentian violet (Methyl violet 10B) |
yellow |
0.0–2.0 |
blue-violet |
Leucomalachite green (first transition) |
yellow |
0.0–2.0 |
green |
Leucomalachite green
(second transition) |
green |
11.6–14 |
colorless |
Thymol blue (first transition) |
red |
1.2–2.8 |
yellow |
Thymol blue (second transition) |
yellow |
8.0–9.6 |
blue |
Methyl yellow |
red |
2.9–4.0 |
yellow |
Bromophenol blue |
yellow |
3.0–4.6 |
purple |
Congo red |
blue-violet |
3.0–5.0 |
red |
Methyl orange |
red |
3.1–4.4 |
orange |
Bromocresol green |
yellow |
3.8–5.4 |
blue |
Methyl red |
red |
4.4–6.2 |
yellow |
Methyl red |
red |
4.5–5.2 |
green |
Azolitmin |
red |
4.5–8.3 |
blue |
Bromocresol purple |
yellow |
5.2–6.8 |
purple |
Bromothymol blue |
yellow |
6.0–7.6 |
blue |
Phenol red |
yellow |
6.4–8.0 |
red |
Neutral red |
red |
6.8–8.0 |
yellow |
Naphtholphthalein |
colorless to reddish |
7.3–8.7 |
greenish to blue |
Cresol Red |
yellow |
7.2–8.8 |
reddish-purple |
Phenolphthalein |
colorless |
8.3–10.0 |
fuchsia |
Thymolphthalein |
colorless |
9.3–10.5 |
blue |
Alizarine Yellow R |
yellow |
10.2–12.0 |
red |