1. Introduction
1.1 Historical review
1.2 Review of classical
electricity and magnetism
-
Coulomb's
law and Maxwell's equations
-
Boundary
value problems
-
Electrical
units
2. Fair Weather Electricity
2.1 Sources of atmospheric ions
-
Natural
radioactivity
-
Radon
& Thoron - "Radon Hazard"
-
Cosmic
rays
-
Point
discharge
2.2 Chemistry of primary ions
2.3 Small ion mobilities
2.4 Ion-ion recombination
2.5 Characteristics of the
atmospheric aerosol
2.6 Ion-aerosol attachment
2.7 Electrical structure of the
troposphere
-
Ion
balance equations
-
Conductivity
profiles
-
Fair
weather electric fields
-
Air-earth
currents
-
Global
electric "circuit"
-
Solar-terrestrial
interactions
2.8 Applications
3. Cloud Electricity
3.1 Microstructure of clouds
3.2 Ion-droplet diffusion
3.3 Electrical structure on
non-thundery clouds
3.4 Development and
evolution of thunderstorms
3.5 Thunderstorm electric
fields
-
Measurements
-
Screening
layers
-
Effects
on cloud microphysics
-
Charge
structure of thunderclouds
3.6 The thunderstorm as a current
source
-
Spatial
characteristics
-
Temporal
development
3.7 Thunderstorm electrification
-
Basic
charging requirements
-
Ion
capture and induction mechanisms
-
Electrical
properties of water and ice
-
Thermoelectric
and contact mechanisms
-
Ice-
graupel collisions - laboratory data
-
Observations
in clouds
-
Large
scale charge separation
3.8 Lighning initiation
-
Gas
breakdown phenomena
-
Behavior
of water droplets in electric fields
-
Models
of lightning initiation
4. Lightning
4.1 Basic Lightning phenomenology
-
Area densities & strike probabilities
-
Cloud-to-ground flashes
preliminary
breakdown
stepped-leader
return
strokes
dart
leader
J-
and K-processes
-
Intracloud discharges
4.2 Triggered lightning
4.3 Characteristics of
lightning currents
4.4 Physical characteristics
of lightning channels
-
Dimensions
-
Thermodynamic properties
-
Energy balance
4.5 Thunder
4.6 Chemistry of lightning
processes
4.7 Electric and magnetic
fields produced by lightning
-
Time-domain antenna theory
-
Radio frequency emissions
4.8 Propagation, sferics,
and atmospheric radio noise
4.9 Methods of detecting and
locating lightning
-
Gated, wideband sensors (MDF & TOA)
-
RF techniques - time of arrival and interferometry
4.10 Electrical transients at high
altitudes, Sprites, Elves, etc.
4.11 Global lightning activity
5. Lightning Protection and Lightning Safety
5.1 Mechanisms of lightning
damage
5.2 Principles of lightning
protection
-
Grounding, bonding, and shielding
-
Transient protectors
-
Shielding topology
5.3 Methods of protection
against lightning
-
Buildings
-
Hazardous structures
-
Telecommunications and data systems
-
Electric power transmission/distribution systems
-
Aircraft and avionics systems
5.4 Lightning test
equipment, methods and standards
5.5 Lightning safety
recommendations
6. Possible Additional Topics
- Ions and
health
-
Stratospheric electricity
-
The ionosphere
-
The magnetosphere
-
Auroral phenomena
- Whistlers
-
Electricity in planetary atmospheres
-
Ball lightning